Wednesday, July 23, 2008           












Matching Process - How It Really Works
 
The selection process is completed by a computer program based on the rank orders submitted by the candidates and the institutions. At the present time, the matching program combines two basic features—a listing function and a selection function.
 
The listing function provides potential candidates with information about available programs. Because most internships and most residencies in large and small animal clinical specialties participate in the VIRMP, the program acts as a clearinghouse for clinical postgraduate training positions. THERE IS, HOWEVER, NO EVALUATION, REGULATION, OR CERTIFICATION OF LISTED PROGRAMS.
 
The selection function matches candidates with institutions based on their previously declared mutual
level of interest. The approach to matching that we are using now is actually a simulation of what went on prior to the creation of the VIRMP. The institution's rank order list is viewed as a series of job offers to candidates. If the institution has one position, one initial offer is made to the individual who is ranked first. If the institution has more than one position, simultaneous offers are made to the top candidates on the list equal to the number of available positions. The candidate's rank order list is viewed as an acceptance of an institution's offer only if it is the top ranked institution which still has an open position. There are no ties and there is no judgment about whether the institution or the candidate is given preference. As top choices on either list disappear due to successful matches, lower choices move up on the lists until all possible matches are completed.
 
By way of example, Metropolis University (MU) has four residencies available in surgery. MU received 22 applications, out of which it chose to rank 12 candidates. In effect, MU has offered jobs to candidates 1, 2, 3 and 4 on its list. Candidate 1 has Metropolis U ranked fourth, #2 has it ranked first, #3 ranked it second and #4 ranked it first. Metropolis would be matched with candidates #2 and #4 and nothing else would happen until candidates #1 and #3 are matched elsewhere, or the programs ranked higher than Metropolis on the candidate lists were filled.
 
In this example, Metropolis' third choice, candidate #3, ranked the University of Transylvania first and was matched there. Once candidate #3 became unavailable to Metropolis University, it made an offer to its fifth choice. Unfortunately, candidate #5 was matched at an institution ranked higher on the candidate's list than Metropolis. The same situation occurred with candidates #6, #7 and #8. Metropolis' ninth choice had it ranked second, but matched at MU because candidate #9's first choice filled up with higher choices on its list than candidate #9. Thus, Metropolis University became candidate #9's best possible match and candidate #9 became Metropolis' best possible match also. Now, back to candidate #1. This candidate has already received an offer from MU, but was waiting for a better offer (his/her first three choices). Eventually all three programs filled up with choices higher than candidate #1, and he/she matched with Metropolis University. The end result is that Metropolis University matched with its first, second, fourth and ninth choices. We know that these choices are its best possible choices because candidates #3, #5, #6, #7 and #8 matched with institutions that they ranked higher than Metropolis University.
 
The candidate's perspective is much simpler and easier to follow. John Doe wants to be an intern, and has applied to 16 institutions. When filling out his rank order list (Form S4), John had second thoughts about two of the programs and decided to rank 14 of them. During the matching process, eight of the institutions would have made John an offer for a position. John had ranked the institutions third, fifth, sixth, ninth and eleventh through fourteenth. Obviously, he would accept the offer from his third choice, the University of Siberia, and was matched there. We know that this was the best match for John because his first two choices were matched with individuals who were ranked higher than John Doe.